20 Commonly Misused Words and Expressions You Should Know

A friend shared a story in which a guy typed, “Your adorable,” and the girl wrote back, “No, you’re adorable.” And romance wasn’t on her mind.

It’s wonderful to share a joke and everyone laughs. It’s not so funny when you’re typing a serious message, and someone laughs… at you.

To avoid these unfortunate situations, brush up on these commonly misused words and expressions. You never know when knowing the difference between these word pairs can make you seem as wise as an English professor.

How many of the following misused expressions do you already know?

1 Affect/Effect

Affect: Usually a verb; meaning to impact or change something
The rainy weather affected her mood.
Effect: Usually a noun; meaning the result of a change, such as an outcome
The cultural experience had a strong effect on the topics on her podcast.

2 Afterward, Afterword

Afterward: Adverb meaning later (more common in American English whereas afterwards is more common in British and Canadian English)
She told us afterward that dinner had been great.
Afterword: Noun meaning epilogue
The novel has an afterword written by the author.

3 All ready, Already

All ready: meaning completely prepared
The musicians were all ready for the concert to begin.
Already: meaning it happened before
She already had her coat on when the door opened.

4 Among, Between

Between: used for one-to-one relationships
That secret is between you and me.
Among: for undefined or collective relationships
They divided the snacks among the children.

5 Carat, Karat, Caret

Carat: the weight of a gemstone such as a diamond
Karat: The proportion of gold in an alloy
Caret: mark on a manuscript  ‸

6 Councillor, Counselor

Councillor: someone who sits on a council, such as a city council
Counselor: a person who gives advice, such as a marriage counselor, or a lawyer

7 Deserts, Desserts

Deserts: barren areas of landscape with little precipitation; punishment or what’s deserved (just deserts)
People who intentionally hurt others will get their just deserts.
Desserts: sweet course at the end of a meal, such as cake, ice cream, or cookies
The desserts were served after the main course.

8 Emigrate, Immigrate

Emigrate: to leave the country where one used to live to live in another one
Immigrate: to enter a country to live there
He used to live in England but now he lives in the USA. He emigrated from England and immigrated to the US.

9 Flammable, Inflammable

Flammable: it can catch fire or you can set it on fire (more commonly used).
Inflammable: can burst into flames without any ignition (decreased in use in modern English). It isn’t the opposite of flammable; the opposite of flammable is nonflammable

10 Flare, Flair

Flare: a glaring light
She placed emergency flares around the stopped vehicle.
Flair: outstanding talent or stylishness
He had a flair for cooking exotic foods.

11 Hangar, Hanger

Hangar: you can find these structures housing aircraft at an airport
Hanger: you can find these holding up clothes in closets or holding up pictures on your walls

12 Healthy, Healthful

Healthy: someone who is fit
She stays healthy by exercising and eating well.
Healthful: something that causes good health
A healthful diet includes fruits and vegetables.

13 Incredible, Incredulous

Incredible: unbelievable or astonishing
They went on an incredible trip through the woods.
Incredulous: disbelieving or skeptical
He was incredulous about their claims for compensation.

14 In regard to, In regards to

In regard to: the correct expression
In regards to: remove this from your vocabulary forever

15 Less, Fewer

Less: Use for mass amounts that you cannot count
There was less water in the pond two months later.
Fewer: use for things that you can count
Fewer people are going to the movies these days.

16 Nauseous, Nauseated

Nauseous: makes you feel sick (modern English – this meaning is being used to mean nauseated as well)
The smell can make you feel nauseous.
Nauseated: condition of feeling sick
She felt nauseated.

17 Therefore, Therefor

Therefore: adverb; meaning for that reason
She wanted to buy him a nice gift; therefore, she got the more expensive one.
Therefor: adverb; in return for
I took back the book and the store gave me my money back therefor.

18 Toward, Towards

Toward: use this if you prefer American English
Towards: Use this if you prefer British or Canadian English

19 Whoever, Whomever

Whoever: subject pronoun that works the same as he, she, and they
Whoever turned on the AC in this heat is my new best friend.
Whomever: object pronoun that works like him, her, and them
Give the cake to whomever you see in the room.

20 Your, You’re

Your: the possessive form of you
Your cat is adorable. (The cat belongs to you.)
You’re: the contraction of you are
You’re adorable and your cat is adorable too. (You are adorable. So is your cat)

Bottom Line

How did you do with these commonly confused expressions?

Now that you know how to use these expressions correctly, keep a sharp eye on them and you’ll sound wise in your written correspondence!

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Why We Should Teach Kids to Be Entrepreneurs

When I was a little girl, I dreamed of marrying a wealthy business owner, and when I got older, I dreamed of becoming a successful business owner, but teachers and family had other plans for me. Instead, they wanted me to attend university and have a career as a doctor or dentist. Helping people and changing lives appealed to me, but being around sick people or staring at teeth all day did not. So when I finally decided to step out of the box and become an entrepreneur, I discovered all my years of schooling weren’t enough to fulfill my dream.

Employee vs Entrepreneur

School taught me how to be an excellent employee. I went from obeying the teacher to obeying the boss, from taking six classes a day to working set hours. I performed according to expectations and job requirements, and challenged myself to leave my comfort zone when it meant a pay raise or getting fired. Having a job and a career were great — I really enjoyed my writing career after graduating from university. However, it didn’t bring me any closer to fulfilling my dream.

Now that I have my own business, I’ve realized that there are entrepreneurship skills that school doesn’t teach you that are relevant no matter what career you choose for yourself. Some of the most successful entrepreneurs, including Richard Branson and Henry Ford, were not known for having a shining academic performance.

Students who are well behaved, complete their homework, and perform well on tests are praised by their teachers. Students like Branson who struggled with dyslexia, disliked schoolwork, or didn’t fit the “good student” stereotype were told they needed to change. A friend who failed in school (because it didn’t challenge him) now owns two flourishing side businesses.

Perhaps, in addition to the current school curriculum, children should be taught entrepreneurship from an early age. Entrepreneur wannabees would benefit from these skills, but students seeking careers would benefit also.

Leadership and Communication

Two of the most important entrepreneurship skills are leadership and communication. Children who lead by example and communicate effectively are known for their charisma and optimism. Peers are drawn to their ability to make decisions and define objectives, such as making teams and establishing rules for a game. They can convince others why building a sandcastle would be a fun activity.

These leaders will listen to your problems, empathize with you, and offer advice if needed.
A popular girl in my third grade embodied these qualities. She always smiled, and when you spoke to her, she listened like you were the only other person in the world.

I have never heard anyone say that they admire their bossy supervisor. But I’ve heard how much people admire leaders who get their hands dirty and treat their coworkers as equals. That’s like the child who makes the extra effort to make the new student feel welcome and encourages classmates to do the same.

An example of how leadership can inspire others is acclaimed speaker and author Adora Svitak. She advocated kids to take action about academic and environmental concerns and has also spoken for causes such as feminism and literacy. Her Ted talk “What Adults Can Learn From Kids” has received more than 4 million views and established her as a prodigy by the age of 12.

The Ability to Sell Yourself

Not everyone likes to sell or become a salesperson, but everyone should learn how to sell to succeed in life. Before the age of 18, children have done various jobs, from opening a lemonade stand to having a paper route, mowing lawns, and babysitting. These jobs teach you about tracking sales and developing your sales skills.

Moziah Bridges was 11 when he started to sell his bow tie creations on Etsy. He learned to sew from his grandmother. He’s made more than $600,000 in sales and continues to grow his business with a seven-figure deal with the NBA to make bow ties for 30 professional basketball teams.

Evan of EvanTube reviews toys and covers topics that interest other kids his age through video recordings. He makes more than one million per year with his band, and he’s not even ten years old.

Having the ability to sell can start at a young age and be just as valuable when you’re an adult. If you can convince someone you have what it takes to do a job, you will ace a job interview. Likewise, by showing someone that you have the personality and qualities that he or she is looking for, you will do well on a first date.

Finding Opportunities

Teaching children about entrepreneurship includes teaching them about weathering financial difficulties. If they need money to buy a new outfit or video game, they will speak with neighbours, friends, and family members to make some cash by shovelling snow, painting a fence, or selling a toy collection they no longer want.

We can also teach children to see opportunities instead of problems. For example, they may be seeing only the problem if they have only $100 in allowance money and the toy they want to buy is $130.

The creator of Nay Games, 14-year old Robert Nay, learned how to code through research at the public library. He programmed “Bubble Ball,” which received more than one million downloads. Nay Games now has games to help students with spelling and physics-based puzzles. Nay saw an opportunity and followed through with it.

Learning Problem Solving

Children who learn entrepreneurship also learn problem-solving. They find solutions to their problems by tackling situations head-on.

In the case of Cory Nieves, a six-year-old boy became a business owner after he decided he was tired of taking the bus to school. He wanted to buy a car because it was too cold outside. He sold hot cocoa and later branched out to selling lemonade and cookies to achieve his dream and save up for college. In 2014, when he was ten years old, he was making sales of a thousand cookies a weekend.

Busy vs Productive

Time management is a valuable skill when you own your own business. You learn to be productive, instead of just busy. Children who are adept at time management are efficient at accomplishing more in less time. Instead of finishing a homework assignment in two hours with plenty of breaks, they can finish in one hour with time for other tasks.

Business mentor and coach Cameron Herold has spoken in favour of having parents and teachers encourage kids to be entrepreneurs. At a Ted Talk in Edmonton, Alberta, he speaks about how he was bored and failing in school because teachers did not identify entrepreneurial traits as worth encouraging.

For example, at the age of seven, he  was able to sell coat hangers at a higher price than originally expected, but negotiation was not a skill that he was taught.

Stories of successful kid entrepreneurs echo a similar theme to Herold’s story: they didn’t pay attention in school but became thriving business owners. As young teenagers, they were told to set aside their business ventures until they were older, but they continued to pursue their dream until they reached their goal or surpassed it.

My earliest brush with entrepreneurship was the day we brought belongings we no longer wanted and placed them on our desks at school. We walked around the class and looked for things to barter for using our items. A classmate had a pair of three-inch tall glass boots I liked. I asked her what she wanted from my desk in exchange. Sadly, what she wanted was only worth one boot — she didn’t like the other items I had. To this day, I only have one glass boot in my display case, a reminder of my early attempts at commerce.

Key Takeaways

Encourage children to pursue entrepreneurship. They will have more skills to succeed as adults, whether they choose to have a job or own a business. One lesson that successful kid entrepreneurs have taught us is that we should never limit what we want to accomplish.

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Skills Insight of the Day #11 Hugging at Work

Should you hug, high five, or fist bump your coworker?

Hugging is a personal preference. Some people are huggers, while others prefer not to hug anyone who is not a close friend or family member.

Not sure about what your coworker prefers? Ask for permission or pay close attention to clues. For example, your coworker extends a hand for a handshake, holds an object but doesn’t put it down, or turns their body slightly the other way. These people are saying they prefer not to hug.

It is vital not to hug those you manage. In a boss-employee relationship, the employee may feel uncomfortable saying they don’t want to hug for fear of repercussions.

You may not know a person’s history. They might have experienced physical or sexual abuse and feel uncomfortable with contact.

You may not be aware of their cultural beliefs. In some cultures, hugging outside of the family is not welcome. In other cases, men hugging women is not permitted.

If you prefer not to hug someone at work, greet them warmly with a smile, offer a handshake, or tell them you have a cold. Telling someone you want to protect their health may not work if you see them regularly. Another option is just to say that you aren’t a hugger.

The person who will receive the hug is the one to decide if a hug is appropriate. If you’re the one who wants to give a hug, pay attention to how the other person reacts. Pay attention to cues, and if you’re not sure, stick with a handshake.

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How to Find the Perfect Mentor

When you’re busy building a business while juggling family and social life, it’s hard to find time for career-related training. One way to improve your business knowledge is by taking a course or program. Another is to read many books. However, one of the most effective ways is to learn from a mentor who has already built a successful business. Finding the perfect mentor is not easy, but there are some tips you can follow to find the right one for you.

Determine your mentor’s teaching style

To learn from someone who has celebrity status (worldwide or local), start with an online search. Follow this person on their social media platforms, watch their videos, or subscribe to their newsletters. If they have free seminars or workshops, sign up for them. Your purpose is to learn more about their teaching style, as well as what they teach. You want to choose a mentor whose style resonates well with you.

If your mentor is not a celebrity with hundreds or thousands of followers, the same idea applies. For example, you might have attended a coworker’s presentation and realized you would like to learn more from them. Or you might have gone for coffee with a friend and realized you want to learn more from their experiences.

Whether your mentor is a well-known celebrity such as Tony Robbins or someone you know personally, ask yourself if your mentor challenges you. For example, if you just became an entrepreneur and your potential mentor started a business six months ago, your mentor may not be able to guide you. However, if your potential mentor has owned a successful business for ten years, you have a greater distance to climb to catch up to that same point.

Take action after you choose a mentor

When you’ve found someone you like as a mentor, ask yourself if your mentor can motivate you to get results.

Your mentor should inspire you to take action when you watch their YouTube video or teach you about a new concept. Their message should excite you so much that you want to learn and change. They should also be approachable. For example, you should feel comfortable having dinner with them without feeling nervous.

Their mentorship should have you thirsting for more knowledge about the same topic or have you madly scribbling notes. You should be excited about applying what they are trying to teach you as soon as possible.

To get the best results from working with a mentor, have some goals in mind. The worst scenario is to be too general about what you want your mentor to teach you. If your mentor posts a lot of learning material online, focus on one topic at a time, not getting your hands on everything they have ever published. If your mentor wants to help you improve your skills, don’t set a general goal, such as, “I want to get better at my career.” Set specific goals and share these with your mentor.

Choose a mentor who chooses you

Getting feedback from your mentor is important. I’ve taken online courses from experts and gurus who I respect as mentors. I understand their lessons, but I’m unsure whether I’m interpreting their learning points correctly.

At a workshop or live webinar, choose a mentor who answers questions and provides feedback to participants. This style helps you to gauge if you understand what they teach.

If you can schedule an hour with your mentor, have your hour planned in advance. Prepare questions to ask your mentor, or list what you’d like to improve on before your meeting. Set clear expectations and outcomes to show your mentor that you respect their time.

For example, if you want to improve your presentation skills, ask your mentor if they can give you some pointers and feedback on the way you speak at a presentation. Be prepared to show them part of your presentation so they can provide you with specific tips and feedback.

After receiving feedback, take some time to reflect on what you’ve learned. Was the feedback valuable? Can you use the feedback to make improvements? Did your mentor seem genuinely invested in you? A mentor who is genuinely invested will encourage you, tell you what progress you’ve made, be honest in their critique, and help you set goals for next steps.

Keep moving forward

Finding the right mentor is like an investment. You want someone who is approachable, excited about what you want to learn, and honest when mentoring you. It will feel uncomfortable and even painful to be told that you aren’t doing something well. However, if you only spend time doing things that you already do well, you will not grow as a person.

Embrace change and getting uncomfortable. You may find yourself looking for a new mentor in the future for various reasons. In my case, I had a business mentor for two years. As I developed my business knowledge, I started to change my goals for my business strategy. I realized I needed a new mentor who could help me improve my new approach to doing business. I found a new mentor, but I keep in touch with my previous one.

In life, the best direction to keep moving in is forward. After you reach one milestone in the road, aim for a new one. Always keep challenging yourself and you will grow as a person.

Key takeaways

Finding the perfect mentor is a search for a two-way relationship. Your mentor should be someone you are inspired to learn from, but also someone who is excited about seeing your business grow.

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8 Tips for Launching a Successful Startup Company

Garages and basements, not tall glass buildings, are are the birthplaces of business legends like Amazon, Microsoft, Google, and Apple. Startups may have humble beginnings, but they have the potential to grow into multimillion-dollar corporations with the right combination of people, goals, and financing.

If you’re starting a startup company, you’ll need to consider these eight tips to increase your chances of launching a successful business. First, let’s begin with defining what a startup company is.

What is a startup?

A startup is a company in its beginning stages. It’s founded by entrepreneurs and funded by banks, grants, the company founder, and possibly the entrepreneur’s families and friends.  

Unlike a small business, a startup’s goal is to grow fast because there is a large market for its product. Many startups are tech companies for this reason.

It’s not surprising for startups to begin in someone’s basement or garage, with boxes of products stacked in the home and the CEO’s desk in the garage.

One of the key ingredients that will take a company from this humble beginning to rapid growth is leadership.

Startup Tip 1: Strong Leadership

Having strong leadership and a talented team are two of the most important ingredients in a startup. The CEO and the management team develop the company’s mission and vision and inspire the team to keep going, even in the darkest times. In the beginning, a startup will experience some rough ups and downs.

The leader is responsible for ensuring that roles and responsibilities are assigned to team members, and everyone is held accountable for their tasks. The leader also sets team goals and clarifies what will happen if those goals are not met. For example, will they need new goals if the original deadlines were not realistic?

Having strong leadership is key to a startup’s success. Without a clear vision for the company, a startup could drift like a lost ship blown from one direction to another, achieving little.

Startup Tip 2: Talented Team

A talented team will take the startup to the next level.  What roles will each person have? Each team member should be assigned roles and responsibilities depending on their skills and expertise.

If someone has accounting experience, they can recommend the best software at an affordable price to begin tracking financial transactions, for example. Someone with HR experience can begin formalizing work contracts and policies for benefits and work hours.

The upside of a startup is the vast expanse of unexplored territory. Company rules have not been established, and decisions need to be finalized about software and communications systems. The team can choose how the company is managed.

The downside is that if the team doesn’t make these decisions to organize how the company is run, chaos and frustration can set in quickly, and team members will quit.

When finding people for a startup, choose talented people who can help get the company organized and running efficiently as quickly as possible. It’s their job to spot what needs to be done to help the leaders and the team to reach company goals.

Related: Working for a Startup

Startup Tip 3: Clear Plan

The management team absolutely must clarify the plan for the company.  What are the goals for the first month? How about goals for the second and third months? Without a clear plan, the startup is like a group of people showing up at a vacation spot with no idea what they want to do there.

After time has passed for a milestone, the company needs to assess whether the goal was met or missed. If the team fails to achieve the goal, such as having $1000 in sales for month 1, then the team needs to assess what could have gone wrong. What do they need to do differently? How could they improve?

When the team has a plan and clear goals, it’s easy to tell if they were on track with their goals or if they need to change direction to meet objectives.

Startup Tip 4: Established Culture

Establish company culture from the beginning. The management team leads by example in terms of how they treat others. When a team member works hard, do company leaders acknowledge that person’s contribution to the company?

Do company leaders take the time to get to know each team member personally? Do they know the names of a team member’s spouse, pet cat, or favourite ice cream flavour? Or does the startup staff only hear from management if they fail to complete a task?

When the company leaders set a positive and supportive environment, and not a negative one, then the entire team will also follow the example and support each other.

Photo Credit: Priscilla Du Preez

Startup Tip 5: Funding and Financing

How much runway does the startup have? Before getting into business, the founder will have looked for financing from various sources, including company stakeholders or board members. However, how long will the funding last before the startup can no longer afford to keep the lights on? Some companies may have as little as $25,000 to begin the founder’s dream.

The amount of funding will affect how much the startup has to invest in product development, customer fulfillment, marketing, and paying staff salaries. When the funding runs out, what plan does the startup have in place to keep the business going?

Startup Tip 6: Protecting Intellectual Property

Intellectual property is like a vital piece of the company that you cannot give up. Intellectual property could be what makes the company stand out from the competition and what makes its product one-of-a-kind. Having this information stolen would be like losing an arm or a heart.

One way to protect intellectual property is by asking all staff to sign contracts about the use and distribution of this information.

Startup Tip 7: Learning from Mentors and Brands

It is rare – perhaps non-existent – for a startup to be the only one of its kind in the marketplace. The startup could learn from successful companies in the same niche and award-winning brands in the same industry. How are these established companies finding and keeping customers? What is their strategy?

In addition to learning from successful companies, startup team members could learn from a mentor or two. This person has experience with startups and running companies in that industry and functions as an advisor whenever the startup team has questions about running the business.

Startup Tip 8: Networking and Promotion

Any member of the startup team can attend networking events to form relationships with business owners interested in their product or working with their startup. They can also attend events such as conferences and conventions to find opportunities to tell potential customers about their business.

Other ways to promote the startup include creating informative content about its purpose and products on its website and social media, and building relationships with industry leaders. For example, if the startup sells medical devices, they could reach out to leaders in the medical field to tell them about the startup and create awareness of what they have to offer.

Key Takeaways

Running a successful startup depends on many key factors, starting with strong leaders and a talented team. The first year, especially the first few months, will be difficult, with many decisions to make about even the simplest things, such as where the team should hold meetings.

Proper planning is important and expecting the unexpected is crucial. Success won’t happen overnight, but having a clear plan and goals are the first steps.

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